(Part 12, Biostatistics and Computer Application, AGB)
History of Computer
by Dr. Uttam Sarkar, Department of Animal Genetics & Breeding, F/O-VAS, of WBUAFS
Description:
The earliest computer was the abacus, used to perform basic arithmetic operations. Charles Babbage is considered to be the father of computing after his invention and
concept of the Analytical Engine in 1837.
- First electronic computers used vacuum tubes, and they were huge and complex.
- The first general purposes electronic computer was the ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer).
- The first non-general purpose computer was ABC (Atanasoff–Berry Computer), and other similar computers of this era included German Z3, ten British Colossus computers, LEO, Harvard Mark I, and UNIVAC.
- The second generation of computers came about thanks to the invention of the transistor, which then started replacing vacuum tubes in computer design.
- The invention of the integrated circuits (ICs), also known as microchips, paved the way for computers as we know them today.
- The drive for ever greater integration and miniaturization led towards single-chip CPUs, where all of the necessary CPU components were put onto a single microchip, called a microprocessor.
- The first single-chip CPU, or a microprocessor, was Intel 4004.
Note: The following pdf is the AGB note of (Unit 1) Biostatistics and Computer Application, Part 12 of BVSc & AH. *AGB - Animal Genetics and Breeding.
Topics of the PDF file of 'History of Computer' :
Introduction / Father of Computing / First Generation Computers (1940s – 1950s) / Second Generation Computers (1955 – 1960) / Third Generation Computers (1960s) / Fourth Generation Computers (1971 – present) / First Generation of Microcomputers (1971 – 1976) / Second Generation Microcomputers (1977 – present) / Portable Computers / Points to Remember.
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